The Pentagon

The Pentagon building is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, located in Arlington County, Virginia. As a symbol of the U.S. military, "the Pentagon" is often used metonymically to refer to the Department of protection rather than the building itself. Designed by the American architect George Bergstrom (1876–1955), and built by Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, general contractor John McShain, the building was dedicated on January 15, 1943, after land was broken for construction on September 11, 1941.

General Brehon Somervell provided the main motive power behind the project; Colonel Leslie Groves was responsible for overseeing the project for the Army. The Pentagon is the world's biggest office building by floor area, with about 6,500,000 sq ft, of which 3,700,000 sq ft are used as offices. Approximately 23,000 military and resident employees and about 3,000 non-defense support personnel work in the Pentagon. It has five sides, five floors over ground, and five ring corridors per floor with a total of 17.5 miles of corridors.

The Pentagon includes a five-acre central plaza, which is fashioned like a pentagon and informally known as "ground zero", a nickname originating during the Cold War and based on the presumption that the Soviet Union would aim one or more nuclear missiles at this central location in the outbreak of a nuclear war. On September 11, 2001, accurately 60 years since the building's groundbreaking, hijacked American Airlines Flight 77 was crashed into the western side of the Pentagon, killing 189 people, including 64 citizens aboard the plane and 125 working in the building.

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Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali was born January 17, 1942. He is a former American boxer and three-time World Heavyweight Champion, who is broadly considered one of the greatest heavyweight championship boxers of all time. As an amateur, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight partition at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. After turning specialized, he went on to become the first boxer to win the lineal heavyweight championship three times.

Originally known as Cassius Clay, Ali changed his name after joining the Nation of Islam in 1964, then converting to Sunni Islam in 1975 and more recently to Sufism. In 1967, Ali refused to be inducted into the U.S. military based on his religious attitude and opposition to the Vietnam War. He was arrested and found responsible on draft evasion charges, nude of his boxing title, and his boxing license was suspended. He was not locked up, but did not fight again for nearly four years while his request worked its way up to the U.S. Supreme Court, where it was successful.

Nicknamed "The Greatest", Ali was involved in many historic boxing matches. Notable among these are three with rival Joe Frazier and one with George Foreman, whom he beat by hit to win the world heavyweight title for the second time. He suffer only five wounded with no draws in his career, while amassing 56 wins. Ali was well known for his unorthodox fighting style, which he describe as "float similar to a butterfly, sting like a bee", and employing techniques such as the rope-a-dope. He was also known for his pre-match hype, where he would "trash talk" opponent on television and in person some time before the match, often with rhyme.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (1861–1865), also known as the War Between the States as well as some other names, was a civil war in the United States of America. Eleven Southern slave states confirmed their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, also known as "the Confederacy". Led by Jefferson Davis, they fought beside the United States, which was supported by all the free states and the five boundary slave states.

In the presidential election of 1860, the Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln, had campaigned against the growth of slavery beyond the states in which it already existed. The Republican victory in that selection resulted in seven Southern states declares their secession from the Union even before Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861. Both the outgoing administration of President James Buchanan and Lincoln's incoming management rejected the legality of secession, considering it rebellion.

Hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when associate forces attacked a US military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Lincoln responded by calling for a volunteer army from each state, foremost to declarations of secession by four more Southern slave states. Both sides raised armies as the Union unspecified control of the Border States early in the war and reputable a naval blockade. In September 1862, Lincoln's Emancipation public statement made ending slavery in the South a war goal, and dissuaded the British from intervening.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama was born August 4, 1961. He is the 44th and current President of the United States and first African American to hold the office. Obama before served as the junior United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned after his election to the presidency in November 2008.A native of Honolulu, Hawaii, Obama is a graduate of Columbia University and Harvard Law School, where he was the head of the Harvard Law Review.

He was a community director in Chicago before earning his law degree. He worked as a civil rights attorney in Chicago and trained constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. Obama serve three terms in the Illinois council from 1997 to 2004. In the 2008 general election, he beaten Republican nominee John McCain and was inaugurated as president on January 20, 2009.

As president, Obama signed economic incentive legislation in the form of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in February 2009. On 2009, October 8, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate. In March 2010, he signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law, a piece of major complete health care reform legislation. In foreign policy, Obama began a gradual withdrawal of troops from Iraq, improved troop levels in Afghanistan, and signed an arms control treaty with Russia.

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Obama ranked as the 15th top best president of US

Washington, July 2 Barack Obama has been ranked as the 15th best US president, just below Bill Clinton but ahead of Ronald Reagan, in a new poll of foremost presidential scholars. The Siena College survey, which surveyed 238 presidential scholars at US colleges and universities, rated Obama two places below Clinton, who was 13th best, and three better than Reagan, who is ranked as the 18th best.

Franklin D. Roosevelt again earned the top spot, as he has each time since the poll was first conducted in 1982.Obama's 15th ranking is slightly higher than other presidents who have taken office since the poll started almost 30 years ago. Mainly start out at about number 20, said Siena statistics professor and poll director Douglas Lonnstrom.

While he ranked elevated on traits like imagination (6th), communication ability (7th) and intelligence (8th), Obama rated poorly ratings on background (32nd), which was composed of traits like family, education and experience.Several other presidents also saw movement in their ratings this year. Bill Clinton moved up five places, from No. 18 in 2002 to No. 13 today; John F. Kennedy also moved up, from No. 14 to No. 11.

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John F. Kennedy

John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, portion from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.After Kennedy's military service as commander of the Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109 through Second World War in the South Pacific, his aspirations turned political. With the encouragement and grooming of his father, Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., Kennedy represented Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in the U.S.

House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953 as a Democrat, and serve in the U.S. Senate from 1953 until 1960. Kennedy defeated then Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential selection, one of the closest in American history. He was the second-youngest President, the first President born in the 20th century, and the youngest elected to the office, at the age of 43. Kennedy is the first and only Catholic and the first Irish American president, and is the only president to have win a Pulitzer Prize.

Events during his administration include the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Space Race, the African American Civil Rights association and early stages of the Vietnam War. Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas. Lee Harvey Oswald was charged with the offense but was shot and killed two days later by Jack Ruby before he could be put on trial.

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Marlon Brando

Marlon Brando, Jr. (April 3, 1924 – July 1, 2004) was an American actor who performed for above half a century. He was best known for his role as Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named wish and his Academy Award-winning presentation as Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront, both directed by Elia Kazan in the early 1950s. In middle age, his well-known roles contain his Academy Award-winning performance as Vito Corleone in The Godfather, Colonel Walter Kurtz in Apocalypse Now, both directed by Francis Ford Coppola and an Academy Award-nominated performance as Paul in Last Tango in Paris.

Brando had a major impact on film acting. He was the foremost example of the "method" acting style, and was originally parodied for his "mumbling" diction, but his mercurial performances were extremely regarded. Director Martin Scorsese said of him, "He is one of the marker. There's 'before Brando' and 'after Brando'.'" Actor Jack Nicholson said, "When Marlon dies, everybody moves up one." Brando was also an activist, supporting several issues, notably the American Civil Rights and various American Indian Movements.

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